/mcpThe MOS estimate provides a number that is inversely proportional to frame loss density. Clarity decreases as more frames are lost or discarded at the receiving end. Consider the loss or discarding of these frames as concealment. Concealment statistics measure packet (frame) loss and its effect on voice quality in an impaired network. K-factor represents a weighted estimate of average user annoyance due to distortions that are caused by effective packet loss such as dropouts and warbles. It does not estimate the impact of delay-related impairments such as echo. It provides an estimate of listening quality (MOS-LQO) rather than conversational quality (MOS-CQO), and measurements of average user annoyance range from 1 (poor voice quality) to 5 (very good voice quality). K-factor gets trained or conditioned by speech samples from numerous speech databases, where each training sentence or network condition that is associated with a P.862.1 value has a duration of 8 seconds. For more accurate scores, the system generates k-factor estimates for every 8 seconds of active speech. Consider K-factor and other MOS estimators to be secondary or derived statistics because they warn a network operator of frame loss only after the problem becomes significant. Packet counts, concealment ratios, and concealment second counters represent primary statistics because they alert the network operator before network impairment has an audible impact or is visible through MOS. The following table displays the K-factor date that is stored in the Unified Communications Manager CMRs. Table 104: K-Factor Data Stored in Unified Communications Manager CMRs D&I User Interface Text and Description Phone Display Name Field Name Cumulative Conceal Ratio represents the cumulative ratio of concealment time over speech time that is observed after starting a call. Cum Conceal Ratio CCR Interval Conceal Ratio represents an interval-based average concealment rate that is the ratio of concealment time over speech time for the last 3 seconds of active speech. Interval Conceal Ratio ICR Interval Conceal Ratio Max represents the maximum concealment ratio that is observed during the call. Max Conceal Ratio ICRmx Conceal Secs represents the time during which some concealment is observed during a call. Conceal Secs CS Severely Conceal Secs represents the time during which a significant amount of concealment is observed. If the concealment that is observed is usually greater than 50 milliseconds or approximately 5 percent, the speech probably does not seem very audible. Severely Conceal Secs SCS MOS Listening Quality K-factor provides an estimate of the MOS score of the last 8 seconds of speech on the reception signal path. MOS LQK MLQK Call Reporting and Billing Administration Guide for Cisco Unified Communications Manager, Release 15 and SUs 381 CMR Records K-Factor Data